Pulsed ion beam-assisted carburizing of titanium in methane discharge

doi:10.1088/1674-1056/19/1/012801

中国物理B ›› 2010, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (1): 12801-012801.doi: 10.1088/1674-1056/19/1/012801

Pulsed ion beam-assisted carburizing of titanium in methane discharge

M.Hassan¹, M.Shafiq², K.Shahzad², M.Zakaullah², A.Qayyum³, S.Ahmad³, R.S.Rawat⁴

(1)Department of Physics, GC University, 54000 Lahore, Pakistan; (2)Department of Physics, Quaid-i-Azam University, 45320 Islamabad, Pakistan; (3)National Tokamak Fusion Program, P O Box 3329 Islamabad, Pakistan; (4)Natural Sciences and Science Education, National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, NIE BLK7, 1 Nanyang Walk, Singapore 637616, Singapore

收稿日期:2009-05-12 修回日期:2009-06-13 出版日期:2010-01-15 发布日期:2010-01-15
基金资助:
Project partially supported by the HEC research project at QAU Islamabad. One of the authors (K. Shahzad) is grateful to the NESCOM for providing financial support for his M. Phil studies.

Pulsed ion beam-assisted carburizing of titanium in methane discharge

M. Shafiq^a), M. Hassan^b)†, K. Shahzad^a), A. Qayyum^c), S. Ahmad^c), R. S. Rawat^d), and M. Zakaullah^a)

^a Department of Physics, Quaid-i-Azam University, 45320 Islamabad, Pakistan; ^b Department of Physics, GC University, 54000 Lahore, Pakistan; ^c National Tokamak Fusion Program, P O Box 3329 Islamabad, Pakistan; ^d Natural Sciences and Science Education, National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, NIE BLK7, 1 Nanyang Walk, Singapore 637616, Singapore

Received:2009-05-12 Revised:2009-06-13 Online:2010-01-15 Published:2010-01-15
Supported by:
Project partially supported by the HEC research project at QAU Islamabad. One of the authors (K. Shahzad) is grateful to the NESCOM for providing financial support for his M. Phil studies.

摘要/Abstract

摘要： The carburizing of titanium (Ti) is accomplished by utilizing energetic ion pulses of a 1.5 kJ Mather type dense plasma focus (DPF) device operated in methane discharge. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirms the deposition of polycrystalline titanium carbide (TiC). The samples carburized at lower axial and angular positions show an improved texture for a typical (200)TiC plane. The Williamson--Hall method is employed to estimate average crystallite size and microstrains in the carburized Ti surface. Crystallite size is found to vary from ～ 50 to 100~nm, depending on the deposition parameters. Microstrains vary with the sample position and hence ion flux, and are converted from tensile to compressive by increasing the flux. The carburizing of Ti is confirmed by two major doublets extending from 300 to 390~cm^-1 and from 560 to 620~cm^-1 corresponding to acoustic and optical active modes in Raman spectra, respectively. Analyses by scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDS) have provided qualitative and quantitative profiles of the carburized surface. The Vickers microhardness of Ti is significantly improved after carburizing.

Abstract: The carburizing of titanium (Ti) is accomplished by utilizing energetic ion pulses of a 1.5 kJ Mather type dense plasma focus (DPF) device operated in methane discharge. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirms the deposition of polycrystalline titanium carbide (TiC). The samples carburized at lower axial and angular positions show an improved texture for a typical (200)TiC plane. The Williamson--Hall method is employed to estimate average crystallite size and microstrains in the carburized Ti surface. Crystallite size is found to vary from ～50 to 100 nm, depending on the deposition parameters. Microstrains vary with the sample position and hence ion flux, and are converted from tensile to compressive by increasing the flux. The carburizing of Ti is confirmed by two major doublets extending from 300 to 390 cm^-1 and from 560 to 620 cm^-1 corresponding to acoustic and optical active modes in Raman spectra, respectively. Analyses by scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDS) have provided qualitative and quantitative profiles of the carburized surface. The Vickers microhardness of Ti is significantly improved after carburizing.

Key words: carbide, plasma focus, microstructure, surface morphology

中图分类号: (Surface hardening: nitridation, carburization, carbonitridation ?)

81.65.Lp

52.59.Hq (Dense plasma focus) 62.20.Qp (Friction, tribology, and hardness) 68.35.B- (Structure of clean surfaces (and surface reconstruction)) 78.30.Hv (Other nonmetallic inorganics) 81.40.Np (Fatigue, corrosion fatigue, embrittlement, cracking, fracture, and failure)

M.Shafiq, M.Hassan, K.Shahzad, A.Qayyum, S.Ahmad, R.S.Rawat, M.Zakaullah. Pulsed ion beam-assisted carburizing of titanium in methane discharge[J]. 中国物理B, 2010, 19(1): 12801-012801.

M. Shafiq, M. Hassan, K. Shahzad, A. Qayyum, S. Ahmad, R. S. Rawat, and M. Zakaullah. Pulsed ion beam-assisted carburizing of titanium in methane discharge[J]. Chin. Phys. B, 2010, 19(1): 12801-012801.

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Pulsed ion beam-assisted carburizing of titanium in methane discharge

Pulsed ion beam-assisted carburizing of titanium in methane discharge

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