中国物理B ›› 2026, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (1): 14204-014204.doi: 10.1088/1674-1056/ae07ab

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Effect of measurement reduction on synthetic aperture x-ray ghost imaging

Haipeng Zhang(张海鹏)1, Jie Tang(汤杰)1,2,3, Nixi Zhao(赵尼西)1,2,3, Changzhe Zhao(赵昌哲)4, Jianwen Wu(吴建文)1,2,3, Zhongliang Li(李中亮)1, and Tiqiao Xiao(肖体乔)1,2,3,†   

  1. 1 Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201204, China;
    2 Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China;
    3 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
    4 Shanghai Institute of Microsystems and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200233, China
  • 收稿日期:2025-04-10 修回日期:2025-06-10 接受日期:2025-09-17 发布日期:2026-01-09
  • 通讯作者: Tiqiao Xiao E-mail:tqxiao@sari.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:
    Project supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant Nos. 2022YFA1603601, 2021YFF0601203, and 2021YFA1600703).

Effect of measurement reduction on synthetic aperture x-ray ghost imaging

Haipeng Zhang(张海鹏)1, Jie Tang(汤杰)1,2,3, Nixi Zhao(赵尼西)1,2,3, Changzhe Zhao(赵昌哲)4, Jianwen Wu(吴建文)1,2,3, Zhongliang Li(李中亮)1, and Tiqiao Xiao(肖体乔)1,2,3,†   

  1. 1 Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201204, China;
    2 Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China;
    3 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
    4 Shanghai Institute of Microsystems and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200233, China
  • Received:2025-04-10 Revised:2025-06-10 Accepted:2025-09-17 Published:2026-01-09
  • Contact: Tiqiao Xiao E-mail:tqxiao@sari.ac.cn
  • Supported by:
    Project supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant Nos. 2022YFA1603601, 2021YFF0601203, and 2021YFA1600703).

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摘要： The unique advantage of x-ray ghost imaging (XGI) is its potential in low dose radiology. One of the practical ways to reduce the radiation exposure is to reduce the measurements while remaining sufficient image quality. Synthetic aperture x-ray ghost imaging (SAXGI) is invented to achieve megapixel XGI with limited measurements, which is expected to implement XGI simultaneously with large field of view and low radiation exposure. In this paper, we experimentally investigate the effect of measurements reduction on the spatial resolution and image quality of SAXGI with standard sample and biomedical specimen. The results with a resolution chart demonstrated that at 360 measurements, SAXGI successfully retrieved the sample image of 1960×1960 pixels with spatial resolution of 4 μm. With measurement reduction, the spatial resolution deteriorates but the sparser structures are still discernable. Even with measurements reduced to 10, a spatial resolution of 10 μm can still be achieved by SAXGI. A biomedical sample of a fish specimen is employed to evaluate the method and the fish image of 2000×1000 pixels with an SSIM of 0.962 is reconstructed by SAXGI with 770 measurements, corresponding to an accumulative exposure reduction of more than 2 times. With the measurements reduced to 10 which corresponds to 1/160 of the accumulative radiation exposure for conventional radiology, bulky structure like the fish skeleton can still be definitely discerned and the SSIM for the reconstructed image still retained 0.9179. Results of this paper demonstrate that measurements reduction is practicable for the radiation exposure reduction of the sample, which implicates that SAXGI with limited measurements is an efficient solution for low dose radiology.

关键词: Effect of measurement reduction on synthetic aperture x-ray ghost imaging

Abstract: The unique advantage of x-ray ghost imaging (XGI) is its potential in low dose radiology. One of the practical ways to reduce the radiation exposure is to reduce the measurements while remaining sufficient image quality. Synthetic aperture x-ray ghost imaging (SAXGI) is invented to achieve megapixel XGI with limited measurements, which is expected to implement XGI simultaneously with large field of view and low radiation exposure. In this paper, we experimentally investigate the effect of measurements reduction on the spatial resolution and image quality of SAXGI with standard sample and biomedical specimen. The results with a resolution chart demonstrated that at 360 measurements, SAXGI successfully retrieved the sample image of 1960×1960 pixels with spatial resolution of 4 μm. With measurement reduction, the spatial resolution deteriorates but the sparser structures are still discernable. Even with measurements reduced to 10, a spatial resolution of 10 μm can still be achieved by SAXGI. A biomedical sample of a fish specimen is employed to evaluate the method and the fish image of 2000×1000 pixels with an SSIM of 0.962 is reconstructed by SAXGI with 770 measurements, corresponding to an accumulative exposure reduction of more than 2 times. With the measurements reduced to 10 which corresponds to 1/160 of the accumulative radiation exposure for conventional radiology, bulky structure like the fish skeleton can still be definitely discerned and the SSIM for the reconstructed image still retained 0.9179. Results of this paper demonstrate that measurements reduction is practicable for the radiation exposure reduction of the sample, which implicates that SAXGI with limited measurements is an efficient solution for low dose radiology.

Key words: x-ray ghost imaging, synthetic aperture x-ray imaging, low dose radiology, compressed sensing algorithm

中图分类号:  (Quantum optics)

  • 42.50.-p
87.59.-e (X-ray imaging) 42.62.Be (Biological and medical applications) 42.30.-d (Imaging and optical processing)