中国物理B ›› 2025, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (8): 84203-084203.doi: 10.1088/1674-1056/add24a

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Simultaneous second and third harmonics generation in periodically poled lithium niobate: Coupling and competition

Junming Liu(刘峻铭)1,2,4, Liqiang Liu(刘励强)1,2, Lihong Hong(洪丽红)3,2,†, and Zhiyuan Li(李志远)1   

  1. 1 School of Physics and Optoelectronics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China;
    2 Guangdong Jingqi Laser Technology Corporation Limited, Songshanhu, Dongguan 523808, China;
    3 State Key Laboratory of Ultra-intense Laser Science and Technology, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China;
    4 School of Integrated Circuits, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
  • 收稿日期:2025-03-31 修回日期:2025-04-27 接受日期:2025-04-30 出版日期:2025-07-17 发布日期:2025-08-12
  • 通讯作者: Lihong Hong E-mail:honglihong@siom.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:
    Project supported by the Science and Technology Project of Guangdong Province, China (Grant No. 2020B010190001), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 12434016), the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2023YFA1406900), and the Fund of the National Postdoctoral Researcher Program (Grant No. GZB20240785).

Simultaneous second and third harmonics generation in periodically poled lithium niobate: Coupling and competition

Junming Liu(刘峻铭)1,2,4, Liqiang Liu(刘励强)1,2, Lihong Hong(洪丽红)3,2,†, and Zhiyuan Li(李志远)1   

  1. 1 School of Physics and Optoelectronics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China;
    2 Guangdong Jingqi Laser Technology Corporation Limited, Songshanhu, Dongguan 523808, China;
    3 State Key Laboratory of Ultra-intense Laser Science and Technology, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China;
    4 School of Integrated Circuits, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
  • Received:2025-03-31 Revised:2025-04-27 Accepted:2025-04-30 Online:2025-07-17 Published:2025-08-12
  • Contact: Lihong Hong E-mail:honglihong@siom.ac.cn
  • Supported by:
    Project supported by the Science and Technology Project of Guangdong Province, China (Grant No. 2020B010190001), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 12434016), the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2023YFA1406900), and the Fund of the National Postdoctoral Researcher Program (Grant No. GZB20240785).

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摘要： Conventional approaches for obtaining the second and third harmonics typically employ several nonlinear crystals to generate them, which is restricted in application due to the complexity of the optical path and the bulkiness of the device. In this work, we present a comprehensive theoretical and numerical investigation of the simultaneous generation and competition between the second harmonic waves (SHW) and the third harmonic waves (THW) in a single nonlinear crystal. Through analyzing both small-signal and large-signal regimes, we reveal the complex coupling mechanisms between SHW and THW generation processes. Using periodically poled lithium niobate as an example, we demonstrate that the relative conversion efficiencies between SHW and THW can be freely adjusted by controlling the input fundamental wave power. This work provides new insights for designing efficient frequency converters capable of generating both SHW and THW outputs with controllable intensity ratios.

关键词: second harmonic generation, third harmonic generation, quasi-phase matching, periodically poled lithium niobate

Abstract: Conventional approaches for obtaining the second and third harmonics typically employ several nonlinear crystals to generate them, which is restricted in application due to the complexity of the optical path and the bulkiness of the device. In this work, we present a comprehensive theoretical and numerical investigation of the simultaneous generation and competition between the second harmonic waves (SHW) and the third harmonic waves (THW) in a single nonlinear crystal. Through analyzing both small-signal and large-signal regimes, we reveal the complex coupling mechanisms between SHW and THW generation processes. Using periodically poled lithium niobate as an example, we demonstrate that the relative conversion efficiencies between SHW and THW can be freely adjusted by controlling the input fundamental wave power. This work provides new insights for designing efficient frequency converters capable of generating both SHW and THW outputs with controllable intensity ratios.

Key words: second harmonic generation, third harmonic generation, quasi-phase matching, periodically poled lithium niobate

中图分类号:  (Nonlinear optics)

  • 42.65.-k
42.65.Ky (Frequency conversion; harmonic generation, including higher-order harmonic generation) 42.70.Mp (Nonlinear optical crystals)