Finite-key analysis of practical time-bin high-dimensional quantum key distribution with afterpulse effect

doi:10.1088/1674-1056/ac6017

中国物理B ›› 2022, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (8): 80303-080303.doi: 10.1088/1674-1056/ac6017

Finite-key analysis of practical time-bin high-dimensional quantum key distribution with afterpulse effect

Yu Zhou(周雨)^1,2, Chun Zhou(周淳)^1,2,†, Yang Wang(汪洋)^1,2, Yi-Fei Lu(陆宜飞)^1,2, Mu-Sheng Jiang(江木生)^1,2, Xiao-Xu Zhang(张晓旭)^1,2, and Wan-Su Bao(鲍皖苏)^1,2,‡

1 Henan Key Laboratory of Quantum Information and Cryptography, SSF IEU, Zhengzhou 450001, China;
2 Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China

收稿日期:2022-01-27 修回日期:2022-03-18 接受日期:2022-03-23 出版日期:2022-07-18 发布日期:2022-08-02
通讯作者: Chun Zhou, Wan-Su Bao E-mail:zc@qiclab.cn;bws@qiclab.cn
基金资助:
Project supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2020YFA0309702), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 62101597, 61605248, 61675235, and 61505261), the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (Grant No. 2021M691536), the Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province, China (Grant Nos. 202300410534 and 202300410532), and the Anhui Initiative Fund in Quantum Information Technologies.

Finite-key analysis of practical time-bin high-dimensional quantum key distribution with afterpulse effect

Yu Zhou(周雨)^1,2, Chun Zhou(周淳)^1,2,†, Yang Wang(汪洋)^1,2, Yi-Fei Lu(陆宜飞)^1,2, Mu-Sheng Jiang(江木生)^1,2, Xiao-Xu Zhang(张晓旭)^1,2, and Wan-Su Bao(鲍皖苏)^1,2,‡

1 Henan Key Laboratory of Quantum Information and Cryptography, SSF IEU, Zhengzhou 450001, China;
2 Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China

Received:2022-01-27 Revised:2022-03-18 Accepted:2022-03-23 Online:2022-07-18 Published:2022-08-02
Contact: Chun Zhou, Wan-Su Bao E-mail:zc@qiclab.cn;bws@qiclab.cn
Supported by:
Project supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2020YFA0309702), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 62101597, 61605248, 61675235, and 61505261), the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (Grant No. 2021M691536), the Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province, China (Grant Nos. 202300410534 and 202300410532), and the Anhui Initiative Fund in Quantum Information Technologies.

摘要/Abstract

摘要： High-dimensional quantum resources provide the ability to encode several bits of information on a single photon, which can particularly increase the secret key rate rate of quantum key distribution (QKD) systems. Recently, a practical four-dimensional QKD scheme based on time-bin quantum photonic state, only with two single-photon avalanche detectors as measurement setup, has been proven to have a superior performance than the qubit-based one. In this paper, we extend the results to our proposed eight-dimensional scheme. Then, we consider two main practical factors to improve its secret key bound. Concretely, we take the afterpulse effect into account and apply a finite-key analysis with the intensity fluctuations. Our secret bounds give consideration to both the intensity fluctuations and the afterpulse effect for the high-dimensional QKD systems. Numerical simulations show the bound of eight-dimensional QKD scheme is more robust to the intensity fluctuations but more sensitive to the afterpulse effect than the four-dimensional one.

关键词: high-dimensional, time-bin, finite-key analysis, intensity fluctuations, afterpulse effect

Abstract: High-dimensional quantum resources provide the ability to encode several bits of information on a single photon, which can particularly increase the secret key rate rate of quantum key distribution (QKD) systems. Recently, a practical four-dimensional QKD scheme based on time-bin quantum photonic state, only with two single-photon avalanche detectors as measurement setup, has been proven to have a superior performance than the qubit-based one. In this paper, we extend the results to our proposed eight-dimensional scheme. Then, we consider two main practical factors to improve its secret key bound. Concretely, we take the afterpulse effect into account and apply a finite-key analysis with the intensity fluctuations. Our secret bounds give consideration to both the intensity fluctuations and the afterpulse effect for the high-dimensional QKD systems. Numerical simulations show the bound of eight-dimensional QKD scheme is more robust to the intensity fluctuations but more sensitive to the afterpulse effect than the four-dimensional one.

Key words: high-dimensional, time-bin, finite-key analysis, intensity fluctuations, afterpulse effect

中图分类号: (Quantum cryptography and communication security)

03.67.Dd

03.67.Hk (Quantum communication) 03.67.-a (Quantum information)

Yu Zhou(周雨), Chun Zhou(周淳), Yang Wang(汪洋), Yi-Fei Lu(陆宜飞), Mu-Sheng Jiang(江木生), Xiao-Xu Zhang(张晓旭), and Wan-Su Bao(鲍皖苏). Finite-key analysis of practical time-bin high-dimensional quantum key distribution with afterpulse effect[J]. 中国物理B, 2022, 31(8): 80303-080303.

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Finite-key analysis of practical time-bin high-dimensional quantum key distribution with afterpulse effect

Finite-key analysis of practical time-bin high-dimensional quantum key distribution with afterpulse effect

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