中国物理B ›› 2022, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (7): 73702-073702.doi: 10.1088/1674-1056/ac6579

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Superfluid to Mott-insulator transition in a one-dimensional optical lattice

Wenliang Liu(刘文良)1,2, Ningxuan Zheng(郑宁宣)1, Jun Jian(蹇君)3, Li Tian(田丽)1, Jizhou Wu(武寄洲)1,†, Yuqing Li(李玉清)1,2, Yongming Fu(付永明)1, Peng Li(李鹏)1, Vladimir Sovkov1,4, Jie Ma(马杰)1,2,‡, Liantuan Xiao(肖连团)1,2, and Suotang Jia(贾锁堂)1,2   

  1. 1 State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China;
    2 Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China;
    3 School of Science, Key Laboratory of High Performance Scientific Computation, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China;
    4 St. Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya nab., St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
  • 收稿日期:2022-03-04 修回日期:2022-04-02 接受日期:2022-04-08 出版日期:2022-06-09 发布日期:2022-07-19
  • 通讯作者: Jizhou Wu, Jie Ma E-mail:wujz@sxu.edu.cn;mj@sxu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    Project supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2017YFA0304203), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 62020106014, 62175140, 61901249, 92165106, and 12104276), PCSIRT (Grant No. IRT-17R70), the 111 Project (Grant No. D18001), the Applied Basic Research Project of Shanxi Province, China (Grant Nos. 201901D211191 and 201901D211188), the Shanxi 1331 KSC, and the Collaborative Grant by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research and NNSF of China (Grant No. 62011530047 and Grant No. 20-53-53025 in the RFBR Classifcation).

Superfluid to Mott-insulator transition in a one-dimensional optical lattice

Wenliang Liu(刘文良)1,2, Ningxuan Zheng(郑宁宣)1, Jun Jian(蹇君)3, Li Tian(田丽)1, Jizhou Wu(武寄洲)1,†, Yuqing Li(李玉清)1,2, Yongming Fu(付永明)1, Peng Li(李鹏)1, Vladimir Sovkov1,4, Jie Ma(马杰)1,2,‡, Liantuan Xiao(肖连团)1,2, and Suotang Jia(贾锁堂)1,2   

  1. 1 State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China;
    2 Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China;
    3 School of Science, Key Laboratory of High Performance Scientific Computation, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China;
    4 St. Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya nab., St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
  • Received:2022-03-04 Revised:2022-04-02 Accepted:2022-04-08 Online:2022-06-09 Published:2022-07-19
  • Contact: Jizhou Wu, Jie Ma E-mail:wujz@sxu.edu.cn;mj@sxu.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    Project supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2017YFA0304203), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 62020106014, 62175140, 61901249, 92165106, and 12104276), PCSIRT (Grant No. IRT-17R70), the 111 Project (Grant No. D18001), the Applied Basic Research Project of Shanxi Province, China (Grant Nos. 201901D211191 and 201901D211188), the Shanxi 1331 KSC, and the Collaborative Grant by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research and NNSF of China (Grant No. 62011530047 and Grant No. 20-53-53025 in the RFBR Classifcation).

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摘要： Bose-Einstein condensates (BEC) of sodium atoms are transferred into one-dimensional (1D) optical lattice potentials, formed by two laser beams with a wavelength of 1064 nm, in a shallow optical trap. The phase coherence of the condensate in the lattice potential is studied by changing the lattice depth. A qualitative change in behavior of the BEC is observed at a lattice depth of ～ 13.7 Er, where the quantum gas undergoes a transition from a superfluid state to a state that lacks well-to-well phase coherence.

关键词: Bose-Einstein condensate, optical lattice, superfluid, Mott-insulator phase

Abstract: Bose-Einstein condensates (BEC) of sodium atoms are transferred into one-dimensional (1D) optical lattice potentials, formed by two laser beams with a wavelength of 1064 nm, in a shallow optical trap. The phase coherence of the condensate in the lattice potential is studied by changing the lattice depth. A qualitative change in behavior of the BEC is observed at a lattice depth of ～ 13.7 Er, where the quantum gas undergoes a transition from a superfluid state to a state that lacks well-to-well phase coherence.

Key words: Bose-Einstein condensate, optical lattice, superfluid, Mott-insulator phase

中图分类号:  (Atoms in optical lattices)

  • 37.10.Jk
37.10.De (Atom cooling methods) 67.25.D- (Superfluid phase) 67.85.Jk (Other Bose-Einstein condensation phenomena)