中国物理B ›› 2009, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (10): 4564-4570.doi: 10.1088/1674-1056/18/10/078

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Electrochemical properties of SnO2 nanorods as anode materials in lithium-ion battery

施松林, 刘永刚, 张敬源, 王太宏   

  1. Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
  • 收稿日期:2009-03-09 修回日期:2009-04-30 出版日期:2009-10-20 发布日期:2009-10-20
  • 基金资助:
    Project supported by the National Key Basic Research Program of China (Grant No 2007CB310500) and the Chinese Ministry of Education (Grant No 705040), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos 90606009, 60571044 and 10774174).

Electrochemical properties of SnO2 nanorods as anode materials in lithium-ion battery

Shi Song-Lin(施松林)†, Liu Yong-Gang(刘永刚), Zhang Jing-Yuan(张敬源), and Wang Tai-Hong(王太宏)   

  1. Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
  • Received:2009-03-09 Revised:2009-04-30 Online:2009-10-20 Published:2009-10-20
  • Supported by:
    Project supported by the National Key Basic Research Program of China (Grant No 2007CB310500) and the Chinese Ministry of Education (Grant No 705040), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos 90606009, 60571044 and 10774174).

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摘要： Well-dispersed SnO2 nanorods with diameter of 4--15~nm and length of 100--200~nm are synthesised through a hydrothermal route and their potential as anode materials in lithium-ion batteries is investigated. The observed initial discharge capacity is as high as 1778~mA\cdoth/g, much higher than the theoretical value of the bulk SnO2 (1494~mA.h/g). During the following 15 cycles, the reversible capacity decreases from 929 to 576~mA.h/g with a fading rate of 3.5% per cycle. The fading mechanism is discussed. Serious capacity fading can be avoided by reducing the cycling voltages from 0.05--3.0 to 0.4--1.2~V. At the end, SnO2 nanorods with much smaller size are synthesized and their performance as anode materials is studied. The size effect on the electrochemical properties is briefly discussed.

Abstract: Well-dispersed SnO2 nanorods with diameter of 4--15 nm and length of 100--200 nm are synthesised through a hydrothermal route and their potential as anode materials in lithium-ion batteries is investigated. The observed initial discharge capacity is as high as 1778 mA$\cdot$h/g, much higher than the theoretical value of the bulk SnO2 (1494 mA$\cdot$h/g). During the following 15 cycles, the reversible capacity decreases from 929 to 576 mA$\cdot$h/g with a fading rate of 3.5% per cycle. The fading mechanism is discussed. Serious capacity fading can be avoided by reducing the cycling voltages from 0.05--3.0 to 0.4--1.2 V. At the end, SnO2 nanorods with much smaller size are synthesized and their performance as anode materials is studied. The size effect on the electrochemical properties is briefly discussed.

Key words: SnO2 nanorods, lithium-ion battery, anode materials, fading mechanism

中图分类号:  (Nanostructured materials in electrochemistry)

  • 82.45.Yz
81.07.Bc (Nanocrystalline materials) 81.16.-c (Methods of micro- and nanofabrication and processing) 82.45.Fk (Electrodes) 82.47.Aa (Lithium-ion batteries)