中国物理B ›› 2026, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (6): 67405-067405.doi: 10.1088/1674-1056/ae3c8d

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Vortex matching effects and flux dynamics manipulation in MgB2 thin films via He-FIB-induced periodic artificial pinning centers

Ying Han(韩颖)1, Dali Yin (殷大利)1, Xinwei Cai(蔡欣炜)1,†, Yan Zhang(张焱)1,‡, Yue Wang(王越)1, Lifeng Tian(田利丰)2, and Zizhao Gan(甘子钊)1   

  1. 1 Applied Superconductivity Center, State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China;
    2 Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
  • 收稿日期:2025-11-23 修回日期:2025-12-29 接受日期:2026-01-23 发布日期:2026-06-25
  • 通讯作者: Xinwei Cai, Yan Zhang E-mail:xwcai@pku.edu.cn;zhang_yan@pku.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 12104016), the Natural Science Foundation of Beijing, China (Grant No. 2244106), the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant Nos. 2020YFF01014706 and 2021YFB3800201), and the Peking University Funding on “Instrument Innovation and Key Technology R&D” (Grant No. 2024).

Vortex matching effects and flux dynamics manipulation in MgB2 thin films via He-FIB-induced periodic artificial pinning centers

Ying Han(韩颖)1, Dali Yin (殷大利)1, Xinwei Cai(蔡欣炜)1,†, Yan Zhang(张焱)1,‡, Yue Wang(王越)1, Lifeng Tian(田利丰)2, and Zizhao Gan(甘子钊)1   

  1. 1 Applied Superconductivity Center, State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China;
    2 Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
  • Received:2025-11-23 Revised:2025-12-29 Accepted:2026-01-23 Published:2026-06-25
  • Contact: Xinwei Cai, Yan Zhang E-mail:xwcai@pku.edu.cn;zhang_yan@pku.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 12104016), the Natural Science Foundation of Beijing, China (Grant No. 2244106), the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant Nos. 2020YFF01014706 and 2021YFB3800201), and the Peking University Funding on “Instrument Innovation and Key Technology R&D” (Grant No. 2024).

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摘要： Flux dynamics, which describes the behavior of magnetic vortices in type-II superconductors, governs macroscopic electromagnetic properties of superconducting materials. Recently, cutting-edge approaches utilizing artificial periodic nanostructures for active control of the pinning centers help to deepen the understanding of relevant mechanisms of flux dynamics. This study demonstrates the controlled introduction of large-scale, periodic artificial pinning centers (APCs) in MgB$_{2}$ superconducting thin films to manipulate flux dynamics. Using focused helium ion beam (He-FIB) irradiation, we fabricated a square array of nanoscale columnar artificial pinning centers with a period of 100 nm on a 30 nm MgB$_{2}$ superconducting thin film. Magnetoresistance measurements near the critical temperature ($T_{\rm c}$) reveal a pronounced vortex matching effect, evidenced by sharp resistance minima (dips) at specific integer and fractional magnetic matching fields. This effect is shown to be highly dependent on external parameters such as temperature, driving current, and the angle of the magnetic field. Furthermore, the large-area irradiation systematically suppresses $T_{\rm c}$ and broadens the superconducting transition of the film. This work establishes He-FIB as a potent tool for advanced flux pinning engineering and provides a comprehensive understanding of flux dynamics in superconductors with periodic pinning landscapes.

关键词: vortex matching effects, periodic artificial pinning centers, MgB$_{{2}}$, focused helium ion beam

Abstract: Flux dynamics, which describes the behavior of magnetic vortices in type-II superconductors, governs macroscopic electromagnetic properties of superconducting materials. Recently, cutting-edge approaches utilizing artificial periodic nanostructures for active control of the pinning centers help to deepen the understanding of relevant mechanisms of flux dynamics. This study demonstrates the controlled introduction of large-scale, periodic artificial pinning centers (APCs) in MgB$_{2}$ superconducting thin films to manipulate flux dynamics. Using focused helium ion beam (He-FIB) irradiation, we fabricated a square array of nanoscale columnar artificial pinning centers with a period of 100 nm on a 30 nm MgB$_{2}$ superconducting thin film. Magnetoresistance measurements near the critical temperature ($T_{\rm c}$) reveal a pronounced vortex matching effect, evidenced by sharp resistance minima (dips) at specific integer and fractional magnetic matching fields. This effect is shown to be highly dependent on external parameters such as temperature, driving current, and the angle of the magnetic field. Furthermore, the large-area irradiation systematically suppresses $T_{\rm c}$ and broadens the superconducting transition of the film. This work establishes He-FIB as a potent tool for advanced flux pinning engineering and provides a comprehensive understanding of flux dynamics in superconductors with periodic pinning landscapes.

Key words: vortex matching effects, periodic artificial pinning centers, MgB$_{{2}}$, focused helium ion beam

中图分类号:  (Magnetic properties including vortex structures and related phenomena)

  • 74.25.Ha
74.78.-w (Superconducting films and low-dimensional structures) 74.70.Ad (Metals; alloys and binary compounds) 41.85.Ar (Particle beam extraction, beam injection)