关键词: information dissemination, disease transmission, resource allocation, node importance, multilayer network

Abstract: During a large-scale epidemic outbreak, effective resource allocation is vital for controlling disease transmission. Prioritizing resource provision to communities experiencing severe infections can mitigate further spread, while prioritizing information dissemination to influential individuals can expand the publicity effect. This paper proposes a novel two-layer information-disease transmission coupled model that optimizes the allocation of information and medical resources based on node importance analysis, aiming to explore the synergistic effects of resource allocation on disease dynamics. The study employs the microscopic Markov chain approach to construct dynamic equations and derive the epidemic threshold, with Monte Carlo simulations used to validate the theoretical results. Findings demonstrate that expanding the scope of preventive information dissemination through mass media improves public awareness of disease prevention and significantly curbs epidemic transmission. Moreover, reducing the resource deployment threshold in infected communities enables more precise resource allocation during the early stages of an outbreak, which is vital for increasing the epidemic threshold and reducing the final size of the epidemic. These findings provide robust theoretical foundations and actionable guidelines for optimizing resource allocation strategies in public health emergency management.

Key words: information dissemination, disease transmission, resource allocation, node importance, multilayer network