中国物理B ›› 2022, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (9): 90703-090703.doi: 10.1088/1674-1056/ac6dbb

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An all-optical phase detector by amplitude modulation of the local field in a Rydberg atom-based mixer

Xiu-Bin Liu(刘修彬)1, Feng-Dong Jia(贾凤东)1, Huai-Yu Zhang(张怀宇)1,2, Jiong Mei(梅炅)1,2, Wei-Chen Liang(梁玮宸)1, Fei Zhou(周飞)1, Yong-Hong Yu(俞永宏)1,2, Ya Liu(刘娅)3, Jian Zhang(张剑)4, Feng Xie(谢锋)4,†, and Zhi-Ping Zhong(钟志萍)1,5,‡   

  1. 1 School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
    2 Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;
    3 National Time Service Centre, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710600, China, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
    4 Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Nuclear Energy Technology, Key Laboratory of Advanced Reactor Engineering and Safety of Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;
    5 CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
  • 收稿日期:2022-02-24 修回日期:2022-04-23 接受日期:2022-05-07 出版日期:2022-08-19 发布日期:2022-08-19
  • 通讯作者: Feng Xie, Zhi-Ping Zhong E-mail:fxie@tsinghua.edu.cn;zpzhong@ucas.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:
    Project supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant Nos. 2017YFA0304900 and 2017YFA0402300), the Beijing Natural Science Foundation (Grant No. 1212014), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11604334, 11604177, and U2031125), the Key Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. XDPB08-3), the Open Research Fund Program of the State Key Laboratory of LowDimensional Quantum Physics (Grant No. KF201807), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, and Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS.

An all-optical phase detector by amplitude modulation of the local field in a Rydberg atom-based mixer

Xiu-Bin Liu(刘修彬)1, Feng-Dong Jia(贾凤东)1, Huai-Yu Zhang(张怀宇)1,2, Jiong Mei(梅炅)1,2, Wei-Chen Liang(梁玮宸)1, Fei Zhou(周飞)1, Yong-Hong Yu(俞永宏)1,2, Ya Liu(刘娅)3, Jian Zhang(张剑)4, Feng Xie(谢锋)4,†, and Zhi-Ping Zhong(钟志萍)1,5,‡   

  1. 1 School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
    2 Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;
    3 National Time Service Centre, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710600, China, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
    4 Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Nuclear Energy Technology, Key Laboratory of Advanced Reactor Engineering and Safety of Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;
    5 CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
  • Received:2022-02-24 Revised:2022-04-23 Accepted:2022-05-07 Online:2022-08-19 Published:2022-08-19
  • Contact: Feng Xie, Zhi-Ping Zhong E-mail:fxie@tsinghua.edu.cn;zpzhong@ucas.ac.cn
  • Supported by:
    Project supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant Nos. 2017YFA0304900 and 2017YFA0402300), the Beijing Natural Science Foundation (Grant No. 1212014), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11604334, 11604177, and U2031125), the Key Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. XDPB08-3), the Open Research Fund Program of the State Key Laboratory of LowDimensional Quantum Physics (Grant No. KF201807), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, and Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS.

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摘要： Recently, a Rydberg atom-based mixer was developed to measure the phase of a radio frequency (RF) field. The phase of the signal RF (SIG RF) field is down-converted directly to the phase of a beat signal created by the presence of a local RF (LO RF) field. In this study, we propose that the Rydberg atom-based mixer can be converted to an all-optical phase detector by amplitude modulation (AM) of the LO RF field; that is, the phase of the SIG RF field is related to both the amplitude and phase of the beat signal. When the AM frequency of the LO RF field is the same as the frequency of the beat signal, the beat signal will further interfere with the AM of the LO RF field inside the atom, and then the amplitude of the beat signal is related to the phase of the SIG RF field. The amplitude of the beat signal and the phase of the SIG RF field show a linear relationship within the range of 0 to π/2 when the phase of the AM is set with a difference π/4 from the phase of the LO RF field. The minimum phase resolution can be as small as 0.6° by optimizing the experimental conditions according to a simple theoretical model. This study will expand and contribute to the development of RF measurement devices based on Rydberg atoms.

关键词: quantum sensor, phase detector, Rydberg atoms, micorwave, electromagnetically induced transparency, amplitude modulation

Abstract: Recently, a Rydberg atom-based mixer was developed to measure the phase of a radio frequency (RF) field. The phase of the signal RF (SIG RF) field is down-converted directly to the phase of a beat signal created by the presence of a local RF (LO RF) field. In this study, we propose that the Rydberg atom-based mixer can be converted to an all-optical phase detector by amplitude modulation (AM) of the LO RF field; that is, the phase of the SIG RF field is related to both the amplitude and phase of the beat signal. When the AM frequency of the LO RF field is the same as the frequency of the beat signal, the beat signal will further interfere with the AM of the LO RF field inside the atom, and then the amplitude of the beat signal is related to the phase of the SIG RF field. The amplitude of the beat signal and the phase of the SIG RF field show a linear relationship within the range of 0 to π/2 when the phase of the AM is set with a difference π/4 from the phase of the LO RF field. The minimum phase resolution can be as small as 0.6° by optimizing the experimental conditions according to a simple theoretical model. This study will expand and contribute to the development of RF measurement devices based on Rydberg atoms.

Key words: quantum sensor, phase detector, Rydberg atoms, micorwave, electromagnetically induced transparency, amplitude modulation

中图分类号:  (Sensors (chemical, optical, electrical, movement, gas, etc.); remote sensing)

  • 07.07.Df
84.40.-x (Radiowave and microwave (including millimeter wave) technology) 42.50.-p (Quantum optics)