All polarization-maintaining Er:fiber-based optical frequency comb for frequency comparison of optical clocks

doi:10.1088/1674-1056/ac40f6

中国物理B ›› 2022, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (5): 54210-054210.doi: 10.1088/1674-1056/ac40f6

All polarization-maintaining Er:fiber-based optical frequency comb for frequency comparison of optical clocks

Pan Zhang(张攀)^1,2, Yan-Yan Zhang(张颜艳)^1,†, Ming-Kun Li(李铭坤)^1,2, Bing-Jie Rao(饶冰洁)¹, Lu-Lu Yan(闫露露)¹, Fa-Xi Chen(陈法喜)¹, Xiao-Fei Zhang(张晓斐)¹, Qun-Feng Chen(陈群峰)³, Hai-Feng Jiang(姜海峰)^‡^2,4,‡, and Shou-Gang Zhang(张首刚)^1,2

1 National Time Service Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710600, China;
2 University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
3 Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China;
4 School of Physics Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China

收稿日期:2021-10-26 修回日期:2021-11-23 发布日期:2022-04-29
通讯作者: Yan-Yan Zhang,E-mail:zhangyanyan@ntsc.ac.cn;Hai-Feng Jiang,E-mail:hjiang1@ustc.edu.cn E-mail:zhangyanyan@ntsc.ac.cn;hjiang1@ustc.edu.cn
基金资助:
Project supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No.XDB35030101),the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.61825505),the Quantum Control and Quantum Information of the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No.2020YFA0309800),and the Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi Province,China (Grant No.2020JQ434).

All polarization-maintaining Er:fiber-based optical frequency comb for frequency comparison of optical clocks

1 National Time Service Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710600, China;
2 University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
3 Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China;
4 School of Physics Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China

Received:2021-10-26 Revised:2021-11-23 Published:2022-04-29
Contact: Yan-Yan Zhang,E-mail:zhangyanyan@ntsc.ac.cn;Hai-Feng Jiang,E-mail:hjiang1@ustc.edu.cn E-mail:zhangyanyan@ntsc.ac.cn;hjiang1@ustc.edu.cn
About author:2021-12-8
Supported by:
Project supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No.XDB35030101),the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.61825505),the Quantum Control and Quantum Information of the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No.2020YFA0309800),and the Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi Province,China (Grant No.2020JQ434).

摘要/Abstract

摘要： We demonstrate an optical frequency comb (OFC) based on a turnkey mode-locked laser with a figure-9-shape structure and polarization-maintaining fibers, for the comparison of frequency among optical clocks with wavelengths of 698 nm, 729 nm, 1068 nm, and 1156 nm. We adopt a multi-branch approach in order to produce high power OFC signals at these specific wavelengths, enabling the signal-to-noise ratio of the beatnotes between the OFC and the clock lasers to exceed 30 dB at a resolution bandwidth of 300 kHz. This approach makes the supercontinuum spectra much easier to be generated than a single branch OFC. However, more out-of-loop fibers degrade the long-term frequency instability due to thermal drift. To minimize the thermal drift effect, we set the fiber lengths of different branches to be similar, and we stabilize the temperature as well. The out-of-loop frequency instability of the OFC due to the incoherence of the multi-branch is about 5.5×10^-19 for 4000 s, while the in-loop frequency instability of f_ceo and that of f_beat are 7.5×10^-18 for 1 s and 8.5×10^-18 for 1 s, respectively. The turnkey OFC meets the requirement for the comparison of frequency between the best optical clocks.

关键词: optical frequency comb, nonlinear amplifying loop mirror, optical clock, frequency instability

Abstract: We demonstrate an optical frequency comb (OFC) based on a turnkey mode-locked laser with a figure-9-shape structure and polarization-maintaining fibers, for the comparison of frequency among optical clocks with wavelengths of 698 nm, 729 nm, 1068 nm, and 1156 nm. We adopt a multi-branch approach in order to produce high power OFC signals at these specific wavelengths, enabling the signal-to-noise ratio of the beatnotes between the OFC and the clock lasers to exceed 30 dB at a resolution bandwidth of 300 kHz. This approach makes the supercontinuum spectra much easier to be generated than a single branch OFC. However, more out-of-loop fibers degrade the long-term frequency instability due to thermal drift. To minimize the thermal drift effect, we set the fiber lengths of different branches to be similar, and we stabilize the temperature as well. The out-of-loop frequency instability of the OFC due to the incoherence of the multi-branch is about 5.5×10^-19 for 4000 s, while the in-loop frequency instability of f_ceo and that of f_beat are 7.5×10^-18 for 1 s and 8.5×10^-18 for 1 s, respectively. The turnkey OFC meets the requirement for the comparison of frequency between the best optical clocks.

Key words: optical frequency comb, nonlinear amplifying loop mirror, optical clock, frequency instability

中图分类号: (Fiber lasers)

42.55.Wd

42.62.Eh (Metrological applications; optical frequency synthesizers for precision spectroscopy) 42.65.Re (Ultrafast processes; optical pulse generation and pulse compression)

Pan Zhang(张攀), Yan-Yan Zhang(张颜艳), Ming-Kun Li(李铭坤), Bing-Jie Rao(饶冰洁), Lu-Lu Yan(闫露露), Fa-Xi Chen(陈法喜), Xiao-Fei Zhang(张晓斐), Qun-Feng Chen(陈群峰), Hai-Feng Jiang(姜海峰)^‡, and Shou-Gang Zhang(张首刚). All polarization-maintaining Er:fiber-based optical frequency comb for frequency comparison of optical clocks[J]. 中国物理B, 2022, 31(5): 54210-054210.

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All polarization-maintaining Er:fiber-based optical frequency comb for frequency comparison of optical clocks

All polarization-maintaining Er:fiber-based optical frequency comb for frequency comparison of optical clocks

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