中国物理B ›› 2018, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (6): 60502-060502.doi: 10.1088/1674-1056/27/6/060502
• SPECIAL TOPIC—Recent advances in thermoelectric materials and devices • 上一篇 下一篇
The heat and work of quantum thermodynamic processes with quantum coherence
Shanhe Su(苏山河), Jinfu Chen(陈劲夫), Yuhan Ma(马宇翰), Jincan Chen(陈金灿), Changpu Sun(孙昌璞)
- 1 Beijing Computational Science Research Center, Beijing 100193, China;
2 Department of Physics, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China;
3 Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Engineering Physics, Beijing 100193, China
The heat and work of quantum thermodynamic processes with quantum coherence
Shanhe Su(苏山河)1,2, Jinfu Chen(陈劲夫)1,3, Yuhan Ma(马宇翰)1,3, Jincan Chen(陈金灿)2, Changpu Sun(孙昌璞)1,3
- 1 Beijing Computational Science Research Center, Beijing 100193, China;
2 Department of Physics, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China;
3 Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Engineering Physics, Beijing 100193, China
摘要：
Energy is often partitioned into heat and work by two independent paths corresponding to the change in the eigenenergies or the probability distributions of a quantum system. The discrepancies of the heat and work for various quantum thermodynamic processes have not been well characterized in literature. Here we show how the work in quantum machines is differentially related to the isochoric, isothermal, and adiabatic processes. We prove that the energy exchanges during the quantum isochoric and isothermal processes are simply depending on the change in the eigenenergies or the probability distributions. However, for a time-dependent system in a non-adiabatic quantum evolution, the transitions between the different quantum states representing the quantum coherence can affect the essential thermodynamic properties, and thus the general definitions of the heat and work should be clarified with respect to the microscopic generic time-dependent system. By integrating the coherence effects in the exactly-solvable dynamics of quantum-spin precession, the internal energy is rigorously transferred as the work in the thermodynamic adiabatic process. The present study demonstrates that the quantum adiabatic process is sufficient but not necessary for the thermodynamic adiabatic process.
中图分类号: (Thermodynamics)
- 05.70.-a