Elastocaloric and multicaloric effects in magnetoelastic coupled Ni–Mn-based Heusler shape memory alloys

Ni–Mn-based Heusler shape memory alloys (SMAs), considered promising candidates for solid-state refrigeration, possess outstanding elastocaloric effect (eCE) and magnetocaloric effect (MCE) associated with their martensitic transformations (MTs). Driven by stress-induced MTs, the eCE involves the absorption and release of latent heat during the reversible phase transition. Additionally, a strong magnetic response emerges near the MT temperature, giving rise to a multicaloric effect. In this study, the mechanism of magnetoelastic coupling, relevant processing techniques, and multicaloric effects in Ni–Mn-based SMAs are reviewed.