A new 2D Hindmarsh–Rose neuron, its circuit implementation, and its application in dynamic flexible job shops problem

We propose a simplified version of the classic two-dimensional Hindmarsh–Rose neuron (2DHR), resulting in a new 2DHR that exhibits novel chaotic phenomena. Its dynamic characteristics are analyzed through bifurcation diagrams, Lyapunov exponent spectra, equilibrium points, and phase diagrams. Based on this system, a corresponding circuit is designed and circuit simulations are carried out, yielding results consistent with the numerical simulations. To explore practical applications of chaotic systems, 2DHR is employed to improve the solution of the flexible job-shop scheduling problem with dynamic events. The research results demonstrate that applying 2DHR can significantly enhance the convergence rate of the optimization algorithm and improve the quality of the scheduling solution.