Stability and characteristic modes of skyrmions in magnetic nanotubes

We study the stability and dynamic behaviors of skyrmions in magnetic nanotubes, where curvature and cylindrical symmetry provide unique mechanisms for skyrmion formation and control. Unlike planar geometries, skyrmions confined in nanotubes exhibit elliptical shapes, stabilized through the interplay of curvature-induced effects, Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction (DMI), and magnetic anisotropy. Using micromagnetic simulations, we construct phase diagrams of skyrmion stability as functions of DMI strength and anisotropy, identifying transitions to saturated or helical configurations in unstable regimes. The dynamics reveal distinct counterclockwise gyration modes, strongly influenced by tube geometry and applied microwave fields. We find that external magnetic fields significantly enhance the azimuthal velocity (${\overline{v}}_{\varphi }$) while maintaining a consistent axial motion (${\overline{v}}_z$) along the −z-direction. Furthermore, transitions between gyration and linear translation modes emerge, governed by the combined effects of magnetic field, DMI, and curvature. Notably, the skyrmion’s motion direction depends on the excitation mode and DMI sign, while curvature-modified spin textures produce effective fields without conventional pinning. These results demonstrate that magnetic nanotubes offer a robust and tunable platform for skyrmion manipulation, with potential applications in next-generation memory and logic devices. Our findings also highlight the role of curvature in enabling stable and controllable topological spin textures for advanced spintronic technologies.