Quantum manipulation of asymmetric Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen steering in controllable dynamical Casimir arrays

We design dynamical Casimir arrays (DCA) consisting of giant atoms and coupled resonator waveguides (CRWs) to investigate the Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen (EPR) steering at finite temperatures. Our designed system exhibits an asymmetry in its structure, which is caused by the differences in the sizes and the coupling positions of the giant atoms. The system achieves different types of EPR steering and the reversal of one-way EPR steering by modulating parameters. Furthermore, the symmetry and asymmetry of the system structure, in their responses to parameter modulation, both reveal the asymmetry of EPR steering. In this process, we discover that with the increase in temperature, different types of steering can be transferred from Casimir photons to giant atoms. We also achieve the monogamy of the multipartite system. These results provide important assistance for secure quantum communication, and further intuitively validating the asymmetry of EPR steering from multiple perspectives.