Numerical simulation of a truncated cladding negative curvature fiber sensor based on the surface plasmon resonance effect

A refractive index (RI) sensor based on the surface plasmon resonance effect is proposed using a truncated cladding negative curvature fiber (TC-NCF). The influences of the TC-NCF structure parameters on the sensing performances are investigated and compared with the traditional NCF. The simulation results show that the proposed TC-NCF RI sensor has an ultra-wide detection range from 1.16 to 1.43. The maximum wavelength sensitivity reaches 12400 nm/RIU, and the corresponding R² of the polynomial fitting equation is 0.9999. The maximum and minimum resolutions are 2.56 × 10⁻⁵ and 8.06 × 10⁻⁶, respectively. In addition, the maximum amplitude sensitivity can reach –379.1 RIU⁻¹ when the RI is chosen as 1.43. The proposed TC-NCF RI sensor could be useful in biochemical medicine, environmental monitoring, and food safety.