SPECTRA, ENERGY LEVELS AND UP-CONVERSION EFFECT OF ERBIUM IONS IN LiNbO₃ CRYSTALS

The Optical properties and spectral data of erbium-doped Lithium Niobate crystals,including absorption spectrum, emission spectrum, luminescence lifetime and up-conversion effects are reported in this paper. The energy level scheme, Stark splitting under crystal field and up-conversion mechanism are discussed in detail. The possible applications of this material in waveguide optics and opto-electronics are also prospected.