Random flux manipulating topological phase transitions in Chern insulators

We investigate the localization and topological properties of the Haldane model under the influence of random flux and Anderson disorder. Our localization analysis reveals that random flux induces a transition from insulating to metallic states, while Anderson localization only arises under the modulation of Anderson disorder. By employing real-space topological invariant methods, we demonstrates that the system undergoes topological phase transitions under different disorder manipulations, whereas random flux modulation uniquely induces topological Anderson insulator phases, with the potential to generate states with opposite Chern numbers. These findings highlight the distinct roles of disorder in shaping the interplay between topology and localization, providing insights into stabilizing topological states and designing robust topological quantum materials.