Effect of laser polarization on strong-field ionization and fragmentation of nitrous oxide molecules

Ionization of molecules in femtosecond laser fields is the most fundamental and important step of various strong-field physical processes. In this study, we experimentally investigate strong field ionization of linear N₂O molecules using a time-of-flight mass spectrometer in 800-nm laser fields. Yields of the parent ion and different fragment ions are measured as a function of laser intensity in the range of 2.0×10¹³ W/cm² to 3.6×10¹⁴ W/cm². We also investigate the dependence of strong field ionization and dissociation of N₂O on laser ellipticity and polarization direction. The significant role of laser induced electron re-collision in the formation of highly charged fragment ions is proved. The physical mechanism of strong field ionization and fragmentation is discussed, based on our experimental results.