On the parameters for electrocaloric effect predicted by indirect method

The influences of specific heat capacity C_P, temperature step △T, electric field step △ E, and initial electric field E₁ on predicted electrocaloric (EC) temperature △ T of monodomain BaTiO₃ are examined by combining the Maxwell equation and phenomenological theory. Since the procedure is similar to indirect measurement of the EC effect, the results can serve as a reference for experiments. The results suggest that (i) it is reasonable to use zero-field C_P, (ii) optimized △ T should be 2 K, (iii) it is better to keep △ E<E_C, and (iv) E₁<E_C. Here, E_C is the coercive field of material.