Propagation characteristics of power line harmonic radiation in the ionosphere

Theoretical model and solutions on power line harmonic radiation (PLHR) propagating in the ground, air, and anisotropic homogeneous ionosphere are presented. The theoretical model is verified by the PLHR events observed by the DEMETER satellite. Some propagation characteristics of PLHR based on the model are obtained. This paper is beneficial to quantitatively interpret the formation mechanism of PLHR phenomenon.