Dissociations of O₂ molecules on ultrathin Pb(111) films: first-principles plane wave calculations

Using first-principles calculations, we systematically study the dissociations of O₂ molecules on different ultrathin Pb(111) films. According to our previous work revealing the molecular adsorption precursor states for O₂, we further explore why there are two nearly degenerate adsorption states on Pb(111) ultrathin films, but no precursor adsorption states existing at all on Mg(0001) and Al(111) surfaces. The reason is concluded to be the different surface electronic structures. For the O₂ dissociation, we consider both the reaction channels from gas-like and molecularly adsorbed O₂ molecules. We find that the energy barrier for O₂ dissociation from the molecular adsorption precursor states is always smaller than that from O₂ gas. The most energetically favorable dissociation process is found to be the same on different Pb(111) films, and the energy barriers are found to be influenced by the quantum size effects of Pb(111) films.