Mueller matrix analysis for all optical fiber co-existence of birefringence-polarization dependent gain-mode coupling at a single wavelength

Birefringence (polarization-related phase-shift), polarization dependent gain (PDG) and mode coupling are three factors that may synchronously influence the transmission of single-wavelength polarized light in optical fibers. This paper obtains a new Mueller matrix analysis, which can be used under conditions that all these three factors are existing and changing. According to our transmission model, the state of polarization (SOP) changes along an optical microstructure fiber with co-existence of birefringence-PDG-mode coupling were simulated. The simulated results, which show the phenomena of SOP constringency, are in good agreement with previous theoretical analyses.