Spontaneous growth of the reconnection electric field during magnetic reconnection with a guide field: A theoretical model and particle-in-cell simulations

Huang Kai^{1, 2}, Lu Quan-Ming^{1, 2, †}, Wang Rong-Sheng^{1, 2}, Wang Shui^{1, 2}

Time evolution of the out-of-plane electric field E_y / v_AB₀ in the EDR. The dashed line shows the fitted exponential growth rate. In this case, there is no initial perturbation.