Spontaneous growth of the reconnection electric field during magnetic reconnection with a guide field: A theoretical model and particle-in-cell simulations

Huang Kai^{1, 2}, Lu Quan-Ming^{1, 2, †}, Wang Rong-Sheng^{1, 2}, Wang Shui^{1, 2}

Time evolution of the horizontal cut along z = 0 of out-of-plane electric field E_y / v_AB₀ (the black lines), electron convection term (the red lines), electron pressure tensor term (the blue lines), and electron inertial term (the orange lines) at Ω_it = 61 (a), 64 (b), 67 (c), and 70 (d). Electron diffusion region is denoted by gray color. In this case, there is no initial perturbation.