Sketch of different microswimmers studied with MPCD. (a) Model sperm cell consisting of a solid head, an attached flexible hook, and a beating elastic tail. (b) Beating elastic filament. (c) Model bacterium consisting of a solid head with attached helical flagella driven by a motor torque connecting cell body and flagellum. (d) Active rod driven by tangential forces which are counterbalanced by forces on the fluid. (e) Slip-surface driven microswimmers such as squirmers or phoretically driven artificial microswimmers.