Current j and power P_out as a function of induced cell voltage V with different RRR Χ. The red and blue curves designate the output current j and delivered power P_out, respectively. It takes γ1=2γ eV, γ₂ = 0.1γ₁, γ1∼=50γ1 , γ2∼=5.5γ1 , p₁ = 0.45, p₂ = 0.75, Γ = 1.5γ, Γ_c = 0.1γ₁, E_cv = 1.3 eV, E_{ai,(i = 1,2)}b = 1.43 eV, E_{ai,(i = 1,2)}c = E_bv = 0.01 eV, J₁₂ = 0.50 eV with γ being the scale unit.