Constraint dependence of average potential energy of a passive particle in an active bath

Ye Simin^{1, 2, †}, Liu Peng^{1, 2}, Wei Zixuan², Ye Fangfu^{1, 2, 3, 4, ‡}, Yang Mingcheng^{1, 2, §}, Chen Ke^{1, 2, 3, ¶}

Position distribution of the passive particle along x direction in an active bath (red open squares) and a passive bath (blue open circles) in an optical trap with constraint stiffness k = 0.90 pN/μm (a) and 3.15 pN/μm (b). Blue and red lines are fits with Gaussian functions. The packing fraction of bacteria is 0.032 and the size of the passive particle is 3 μm.