Simulation study on cooperation behaviors and crowd dynamics in pedestrian evacuation<xref rid="cpb_29_3_038901fn1" ref-type="fn">*</xref><fn id="cpb_29_3_038901fn1"><label>*</label><p>Project supported by the National Key Technology Research and Development Program of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (Grant No. 2017YFC083300), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 91646201, U1633203, and 51808422), and the Independent Innovation Foundation of Wuhan University and Technology, China (Grant No. 2019IVA011).</p></fn>

Simulation study on cooperation behaviors and crowd dynamics in pedestrian evacuation**

Project supported by the National Key Technology Research and Development Program of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (Grant No. 2017YFC083300), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 91646201, U1633203, and 51808422), and the Independent Innovation Foundation of Wuhan University and Technology, China (Grant No. 2019IVA011).

Ma Ya-Ping^{1, 2, †}, Zhang Hui³

Arching phenomenon in one simulation.