The E × B drift instability in Hall thruster using 1D PIC/MCC simulation
Asadi Zahra1, Sharifian Mehdi1, †, Hashemzadeh Mojtaba2, Zarandi Mahmood Borhani1, Marzdashti Hamidreza Ghomi3
       

Time–space evolution of the azimuthal electric field up to t = 12 μs for different ions: (a) He, (b) Ne, (c) Ar, (d) Kr, and (e) Xe.