Neutron-based characterization techniques for lithium-ion battery research<fn id="cpb_29_1_018201fn1"><label>*</label><p>Project supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (Grant No. 2016YFA0401503), the National Materials Genome Project of China (Grant No. 2016YFB0100106), and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 11675255).</p></fn>

Neutron-based characterization techniques for lithium-ion battery research*

Project supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (Grant No. 2016YFA0401503), the National Materials Genome Project of China (Grant No. 2016YFB0100106), and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 11675255).

Zhao Enyue^{1, 2}, Zhang Zhi-Gang^{1, 2}, Li Xiyang², He Lunhua^{1, 2, 4}, Yu Xiqian², Li Hong², Wang Fangwei^{1, 2, 3, 4, †}

(a) Cylindrical cell design for operando NPD experiments. Reproduced under the terms of the CC-BY 4.0 Creative Commons Attributíon License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).^[151] Copyright 2018, the authors. Published by Frontiers. (b) Schematic of the full battery operando SANS setup with the battery components, contacts, and heating unit. Reproduced with permission.^[90] Copyright 2018, American Chemical Society. (c) Schematic illustration of the electrochemical cell and cross-section of the model battery system for in situ NR measurements. Reproduced with permission.^[99] Copyright 2016, American Chemical Society. (d) Schematic for the NI setup as well as the sample arrangement during characterization. Reproduced with permission.^[118] Copyright 2018, Elsevier. (e) Schematic of the experimental setup for operando NDP. Reproduced with permission.^[124] Copyright 2014, Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA.