Electron self-injection and acceleration in a hollow plasma channel driven by ultrashort intense laser pulses
Deng Suhui, Liu Mingping
       

Space and time evolution of the electron density (a) and the electric field Ex (b) on the propagating axis of the laser pulse. The times of the first (t = 0.7 ps), second (t = 1.23 ps), and third (t = 2.12 ps) crossing of self-injected electrons on the on-axis (y = 0) are shown in panel (a).