Electron self-injection and acceleration in a hollow plasma channel driven by ultrashort intense laser pulses
Deng Suhui, Liu Mingping
       

Electron density distributions at t = 0.5 ps (a), 1.23 ps (b), 3.5 ps (c), and 5.2 ps (d), respectively. The electron density is normalized by the background plasma density. The dashed lines show the boundaries of the hollow plasma channel.