Noiseless linear amplification for the single-photon entanglement of arbitrary polarization–time-bin qudit<xref rid="cpb_28_1_010302fn1" ref-type="fn">*</xref> <fn id="cpb_28_1_010302fn1"> <label>*</label> <p>Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11474168 and 11747161), the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, China, and the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (Grant No. 2018M642293).</p> </fn>

Noiseless linear amplification for the single-photon entanglement of arbitrary polarization–time-bin qudit* *

Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11474168 and 11747161), the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, China, and the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (Grant No. 2018M642293).

Chen Ling-Quan^{1, 2}, Sheng Yu-Bo^{3, 4}, Zhou Lan^{1, 3, †}

The basic principle of the NLA protocol for the SPE of arbitrary polarization–time-bin qudit. The protocol requires some auxiliary polarized single photons and some common linear optical devices. Here, BS, PBS, and VBS represent the 50:50 beam splitter, polarization beam splitter, and variable beam splitter, respectively. A Pockel cell (PC) is used to reverse the polarization of photons. The D_ia and D_ib (i = 1,2,…,8) represent the photon-number-resolving detectors.