Drag reduction characteristics of heated spheres falling into water Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 11672094). |
(color online) Flow states around spheres at 40 cm underneath water surface at (a) Tw = 25 °C and Ts = 25 °C; (b) Tw = 95 °C and Ts = 500 °C; (c) Tw = 25 °C and Ts = 400 °C. |