Trapped Bose–Einstein condensates with quadrupole–quadrupole interactions*

Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11434011, 11674334, and 11747601) and the Key Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. XDPB08-1).

Wang An-Bang1, 2, Yi Su1, 2, 3, †
       

(color online) Quadrupolar interaction energy (a) and condensate peak density (b) versus the QQI strength. The solid, dashed, and dash–dotted lines represent λ = 1/8, 1, and 8, respectively.