The tree-like skeleton of the network is created with the probability , as shown in Eq. (2). (a) Degree distribution of the tree-like skeleton. The solid line has a slope −2.39, which means the distribution satisfies . (b) The probability of local links is p = 0.5. The degree distribution of the fractal scale-free network satisfies . (c) Fractal relation using the box-covering method . If the scale of box is too large, the fractal relationship will be affected by the finite-size effect. (d) The degree distribution of the scale-free network obtained after renormalization by the box-covering method satisfies the relationship .