Two-qubit pure state tomography by five product orthonormal bases*

Project supported partially by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2016YFB1000902), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 61472412), and the Program for Creative Research Group of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 61621003).

Wang Yu1, 2, Shang Yun1, 2, 3, 4, †
       

(color online) Circuits for the projective measurements onto bases . The circuits at top left, top right, bottom left, and bottom right simulate the projective measurements onto , and respectively. There are two two-qubit operations in these circuits. The first one is the swap operation, which is depicted in Fig. 4. The other one is a controlled unitary operation, . The one-qubit operations are the Hadamard gate H and the gate that appeared in the circuit for one qubit tomography. At the end of each circuit, we measure each qubit with the projective measurement {|0⟩⟨0|, |1⟩⟨1|}.