Scanning transmission electron microscopy: A review of high angle annular dark field and annular bright field imaging and applications in lithium-ion batteries*

Project supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No. 2014CB921002), the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. XDB07030200), and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 51522212, 51421002, and 51672307).

Tong Yu-Xin1, 2, Zhang Qing-Hua1, †, Gu Lin1, 2, ‡
       

(color online) (a) Simulated ABF micrograph of O1-type Li0.5CoO2 with ordered Li occupancies/vacancies arrangements at the [010] zone axis. (b) STEM ABF image of an LiCoO2 electrode charged to 4.5 V at the [010] zone axis. The corresponding line profiles of (c) Co columns and (d) Li columns in the HAADF image, where the black line (☆) is acquired from the ABF micrograph of pristine LiCoO2.[61]