(color online) Representative CNA snapshots of pure Cu (Cu–Ni base) configurations with Σ9(114) GB under shear deformation along direction at 10 K. In all CNA figures throughout this paper, atoms in yellow, blue and red refer to those in fcc, other, hcp structure, respectively. Purple line portrays the GB structure units in the enlarged view of z projection. Panels (a)–(c) show patterns at a shear strain of 0.093, 0.162, 0.248, respectively. The initial position of GB marked by black dotted line, and the black arrows demonstrate the migration direction of GB.