Computing methods for icosahedral and symmetry-mismatch reconstruction of viruses by cryo-electron microscopy
Zhu Bin1, Cheng Lingpeng2, †, Liu Hongrong1, ‡
       

A nonequilateral triangle encapsidated by a square illustrating a symmetry-mismatch structure. (a) When the squares are lined up, the triangles become random. (b) If the object is projected from an orientation Ω1, the projection orientation of the square has three other equivalent orientations (Ω2, Ω3, and, Ω4). In contrast, only the projection orientation Ω1 is correct for the triangle that has no symmetry.