Guiding properties of proton-implanted Nd<sup>3+</sup>-doped phosphate glass waveguides

Guiding properties of proton-implanted Nd³⁺-doped phosphate glass waveguides

Zhu Qi-Feng¹, Wang Yue¹, Shen Jian-Ping¹, Guo Hai-Tao², Liu Chun-Xiao^{1, †}

(color online) (a) Calculated and (b) measured mode intensity distributions of the fundamental modes in the proton-implanted Nd³⁺-doped phosphate glass waveguide.