Numerical analysis of plasma arc physical characteristics under additional constraint of keyhole

Xu Bin¹, Jiang Fan^{1, †}, Chen Shujun¹, Tanaka Manabu², Tashiro Shinichi², Van Anh Nguyen²

(color online) Distribution of current density and heat flux on the keyhole boundary. (a) Distribution contour and flow direction, (b) vector, and (c) heat flux.