Regulation of Zn/Sn ratio in kesterite absorbers to boost 10% efficiency of Cu<sub>2</sub>ZnSn(S, Se)<sub>4</sub> solar cells

Regulation of Zn/Sn ratio in kesterite absorbers to boost 10% efficiency of Cu₂ZnSn(S, Se)₄ solar cells

Min Xue^{1, 2}, Shi Jiangjian^{1, 2}, Guo Linbao^{1, 2}, Yu Qing^{1, 2}, Zhang Pengpeng^{1, 2}, Tian Qingwen³, Li Dongmei^{1, 2}, Luo Yanhong^{1, 2}, Wu Huijue^{1, 2}, Meng Qingbo^{1, 2, †}, Wu Sixin^{3, ‡}

(color online) (a) The XRD patterns of R0–R4 CZTSSe absorber films. (b) Top-view SEM image of R2 CZTSSe absorber film. (c) Cross-sectional SEM image of R2 CZTSSe absorber film. (d) AFM image of R1 CZTSSe absorber film. (e) AFM image of R2 CZTSSe absorber film.