A review of recent theoretical and computational studies on pinned surface nanobubbles<xref rid="cpb_27_1_014401_fn1" ref-type="fn">*</xref> <fn id="cpb_27_1_014401_fn1"> <label>*</label> <p>Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 91434204).</p> </fn>

A review of recent theoretical and computational studies on pinned surface nanobubbles* *

Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 91434204).

Liu Yawei, Zhang Xianren^†

(color online) Stable surface nanobubble induced by the contact line pinning effect. (a) From left to right, substrate with a ring pattern and stable surface nanobubbles at two different degrees of supersaturation. (b) Schematic drawing of the system. (c) Substrate with chemical heterogeneity in a ring-like shape and a stable surface nanobubble. (d) Solid surface with randomly distributed physical heterogeneity and stable surface nanobubble. The figure is reproduced from Ref. [34].