Zn–Cu-codoped SnO<sub><b>2</b></sub> nanoparticles: Structural, optical, and ferromagnetic behaviors

Zn–Cu-codoped SnO₂ nanoparticles: Structural, optical, and ferromagnetic behaviors

Zulfiqar Syed^{1, 2}, Iqbal Zainab³, Lü Jianguo^{1, †}

(color online) FE-SEM images of Zn–Cu-codoped SnO₂ nanoparticles calcined at (a) 400 °C and (b) 600 °C, and EDX patterns of Zn–Cu-codoped SnO₂ nanoparticles calcined at (c) 400 °C and (d) 600 °C with the inset showing the element contents.