Constant evacuation time gap: Experimental study and modeling Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11422221, 11672289, 71371175, and 71431003). |
(color online) Simulation results of average evacuation time gap between consecutive pedestrians by the improved social force model, in which pedestrians escape individually in the cases of (a) N = 50 and (b) N = 100. |