Extracting hidden weak sinusoidal signal with short duration from noisy data: Analytical theory and computational realization

Zhang Ying¹, Zhang Zhaoyang^{1, 2}, Qian Hong³, Hu Gang^{1, †}

(color online) Signal predictions of 100 [(a) and (b)] and 1000 [(c) and (d)] realizations by numerically computing Eq. (3) for I(t) without signal (A = 0, (a) and (c)) and with signal (A = 0.006, (b) and (d)). D = 0.5, . Numbers of correct predictions are written in the corresponding legends.