Structural optimization of Au–Pd bimetallic nanoparticles with improved particle swarm optimization method Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11474234 and 61403318) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China (Grant No. 20720160085). |
(color online) Fractions of Au and Pd atoms in each shell with Au/Pd ratio fixed at 5:5. |