Single fundamental mode photonic crystal VCSEL with high power and low threshold current optimized by modal loss analysis
Xie Yi-Yang1, 2, Kan Qiang2, Xu Chen1, †, Xu Kun3, Chen Hong-Da2
       

The SEM image of the fabricated PhC-VCSELs: (a) type 1, (b) type 2, (c) type 3, (d) type 4.