Single fundamental mode photonic crystal VCSEL with high power and low threshold current optimized by modal loss analysis
Xie Yi-Yang
1, 2
, Kan Qiang
2
, Xu Chen
1, †
, Xu Kun
3
, Chen Hong-Da
2
The SEM image of the fabricated PhC-VCSELs: (a) type 1, (b) type 2, (c) type 3, (d) type 4.